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Individual Bacterial Cells Are Capable Of Quorum Sensing When Confined In Small Volumes
Infections of wounds, pneumonia, etc. in hospitals in particular are often caused by bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Once they reach a certain density, colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce virulence factors and can enter into a slimy state, a biofilm, which prevents antibiotics from penetrating. The process of quorum sensing, which cells use to "sense" cell density, is triggered when the concentration of certain signaling compounds generated by the bacteria reaches a threshold level. A team working with Rustem F. Ismagilov at the University of Chicago has now demonstrated that the absolute number of cells is irrelevant; only the number of bacteria in a given volume plays a role. As the researchers report in the journal Angewandte Chemie, they were even able to trigger quorum-sensing processes in single cells when these were confined in extremely small volumes.
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Committe For A Responsible Federal Budget Urges Focus On Controlling Health Care Costs, US
The Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget urges policymakers to make controlling health care cost growth the focus of health care reform (see Principle #1: Slowing Health Care Cost Growth ).
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NeurogesX Announces New PDUFA Date For Qutenza(TM) New Drug Application
NeurogesX, Inc. (Nasdaq: NGSX), a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing novel pain management therapies, announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has extended the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) date from August 16, 2009 to November 16, 2009 to review the new drug application (NDA) for Qutenza(TM) to manage pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).
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Some Health Groups Increase Lobbying Spending, But Only A Slight Rise Overall

"Drug makers, advocacy groups, biotechnology firms and insurance companies have ratcheted up efforts to offer their two cents - and in most cases much, much more - in influencing the health care legislation now working its way through Congress," The New York Times reports. "Many familiar health groups in recent months have increased lobbying spending by more than $1 million, according to second-quarter lobbying records filed on Monday with the Senate Office of Public Records." Those groups include AARP and The Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. Drug makers GlaxoSmithKline and Novartis, along with insurance company Allstate and biotechnology firm Amgen have also invested significantly more in lobbying activities." "But as the debate in Washington intensifies, lobbying tabs at some other major organizations have shrunk. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, or PhRMA, the drug industry"s trade group, spent $6.2 million, down from $6.9 million in the first quarter. Pfizer, one of the world"s largest pharmaceutical companies, also cut spending from $6.1 million to $5.6 million. Still, the two groups spent the most of all health care organizations last quarter. The American Medical Association, which endorsed the House overhaul bill last week, spent $4 million, a full million less than they spent in the fourth quarter of 2008." But "the sweeping nature of the legislation under consideration has also drawn in groups that ordinarily have little stake in health care issues. The American Beverage Association, which has been fighting proposals to tax sodas to pay for health care, spent $1.2 million on lobbying in the second quarter, almost nine times its $140,000 in the first quarter" (Lorber, 7/21). The Wall Street Journal reports that "major health-care companies and lobbying organizations reported only a marginal increase in lobbying activity in the past three months, despite a drive by Democrats to overhaul the industry. A Wall Street Journal review of new lobbying reports released Monday shows that the 25 health-care companies and trade associations that spent the most to influence Washington in 2008 increased their lobbying expenditures by 3% to $53.6 million in the three-month period ending June 30, compared with $52.2 million during the same period in 2008. That compares with a 21% increase in lobbying spending by the energy sector, according to a Journal review of the 25 biggest energy lobbies." America"s Health Insurance Plans spent about the same amount on lobbying as a year ago. And "the American Hospital Association, the industry"s third-largest lobby, spent 14% less to influence Washington in April, May and June than it spent in the same period in 2008, according to the disclosure statements," (Mullins, Farnam and Radnofsky, 7/21). Meanwhile, "the U.S. Chamber of Commerce this week stepped up its advertising and lobbying efforts to combat a government-run public health plan option favored by most Democrats crafting health care reform," Roll Call reports. The big-business group announced Tuesday that it was launching a print and online advertising campaign - worth more than $2 million - in five states and that it was stepping up its grass-roots and political organizing to beat back attempts to include the public plan option in health care reform. The five states are Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Maine and North Carolina. The chamber"s top lobbyist, Bruce Josten, said those states were selected to help provide cover to Members of Congress who have raised questions with the public plan." Bruce Josten, the Chamber"s top lobbyists, says the ad"s message is "don"t drag down health care reform. ò€¦ This is ad No. 1. ò€¦ More to come." The Chamber says it supports health reform but "believes a public plan will have an unfair advantage and could then crowd out private plans." And "health care lobbyists say the chamber, more than any one individual industry group, is being looked at to take the lead in voicing concerns over reform proposals" (Ackley, 7/22). This information was reprinted from kaiserhealthnews.org with kind permission from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. You can view the entire Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report, search the archives and sign up for email delivery at kaiserhealthnews.org. © Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved.


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